The formula
gross = shares × dividend × payments per year · net = gross − tax
Where it comes from
The dividend per share is what you get each time it pays, so the annual figure depends on the frequency as much as the amount. Tax is withheld before the money reaches you, and the yield compares the annual dividend against the current share price.
How to work it out by hand
- Multiply the dividend per share by the number of shares
- Multiply by how many times a year it pays
- Subtract the withholding tax
- Divide the annual gross dividend by the share price for the yield
What is worth knowing
A high yield is not automatically good news, and often it is the opposite: yield rises when the price falls, so the highest yields on any screen usually belong to companies the market expects to cut the dividend. The figures worth checking alongside it are the payout ratio, which shows whether the dividend is covered by earnings, and the dividend history, which shows whether it has ever been cut. Note too that this is a snapshot: reinvesting dividends rather than spending them is what turns a modest yield into most of the long-run return of equity markets.